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HBase是一个分布式的、面向列的开源数据库，该技术来源于Chang et al所撰写的Google论文“Bigtable：一个结构化数据的分布式存储系统”。就像Bigtable利用了Googl文件系统（File System）所提供的分布式数据存储一样，HBase在Hadoop之上提供了类似于Bigtable的能力。HBase是Apache的Hadoop 项目的子项目。HBase不同于一般的关系数据库,它是一个适合于非结构化数据存储的数据库.另一个不同的是HBase基于列的而不是基于行的模式。 HBase使用和Bigtable非常相同的数据模型。用户存储数据行在一个表里。一个数据行拥有一个可选择的键和任意数量的列。表是疏松的存储的，因此用户可以给行定义各种不同的列。HBase主要用于需要随机访问，实时读写你的大数据（Big Data）。

Overview

The Approaching Storm by Constant Troyon, 1849 HBase is the Hadoop database. Use it when you need random, realtime read/write access to your Big Data. This project's goal is the hosting of very large tables -- billions of rows X millions of columns -- atop clusters of commodity hardware.

HBase ia an open-source, distributed, column-oriented store modeled after Google' Bigtable: A Distributed Storage System for Structured Data by Chang et al. Just as Bigtable leverages the distributed data storage provided by the Google File System, HBase provides Bigtable-like capabilities on top of Hadoop. HBase also includes:

    * Convenient base classes for backing Hadoop MapReduce jobs with HBase tables
    * Query predicate push down via server side scan and get filters
    * Optimizations for real time queries
    * A high performance Thrift gateway
    * A REST-ful Web service gateway that supports XML, Protobuf, and binary data encoding options
    * Cascading source and sink modules
    * Extensible jruby-based (JIRB) shell
    * Support for exporting metrics via the Hadoop metrics subsystem to files or Ganglia; or via JMX

This most recent version of HBase, 0.20.0, has greatly improved on its predecessors:

    * No HBase single point of failure
    * Rolling restart for configuration changes and minor upgrades
    * Random access performance on par with open source relational databases such as MySQL