Linux 岆 POSIX 寞跡腔俇淕笭陔妗釬ㄛ衄翍 SYSV 摯 BSD 孺喃ㄛ(涴桶尨坳艘懂摯堍釬奻憩砉 Unixㄛ筍祥婦漪眈肮腔價插埻宎最宒鎢)ㄛ褫眕埻宎最宒鎢摯媼輛弇硒俴紫謗笱倛宒腕﹝ 坳腔唳扽衾 Linus Torvalds < torvalds@transmeta.com>ㄛ眕摯坳腔僚瓬氪ㄛ婓 GNU General Public License (GPL) 狟褫赻蚕腔汃票﹝ GPL 腔珨爺蕭探婦漪婓 Linux 埻宎最宒鎢爵ㄛ斕珩褫眕赻 ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/COPYING 腕珨爺蕭探﹝
Linux, 掛窐奻懂佽ㄛ硐岆釬珛炵苀腔瞄陑ㄛ憩岆諷秶茞极ㄛ奪燴紫偶ㄛ俴最脹脹﹝ 衄杅笱蔚 Linux 摯馱撿最宒睿茼蚚最宒摩郪磁傖腔珨跺俇淕釬珛炵苀﹝森腔郪磁請酕 Linux 腔珨跺 楷俴杶璃(distribution). Linux 涴跺趼ㄛ呥憩旆跡腔砩砱懂佽岆硌炵苀腔瞄陑ㄛ筍涴趼珩嫘滓奧淏華蚚懂硌隴瞳蚚 Linux 瞄陑膘凳腔淕跺釬珛炵苀﹝ 壽衾祥肮楷俴杶璃腔蹈桶摯潠傻鏡扴褫獗 http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Distribution-HOWTO.html. 羶衄珨笱杶璃褫眕請酕岆``淏宒腔 Linux''.
Linux 祥岆鼠祔极ㄛ坳珩祥岆僕砅极(shareware)﹝ 坳岆`轎煤'极ㄛ籵都請酕 freewareㄛ麼岆羲溫俶埻宎鎢(Open Source Software)[tm], 統獗 http://www.opensource.org), 奧斕褫眕冞麼毽鎗蕭探ㄛ筍斕斛剕婦漪埻宎最宒鎢ㄛ麼岆最宒鎢褫蚕斕冞堤麼毽鎗硒俴紫眈肮腔源宒腕﹝ 彆斕汃票睡腔党蜊ㄛ斕斛剕汃票涴虳党蜊腔最宒鎢﹝砆獗 GNU General Public License﹝
Linux 婓 2.0 唳岆轎煤腔ㄛ奧頗珨眻岆轎煤腔﹝蚕衾 Linux 郩悜 GPL 腔壽炵ㄛ坳曹傖準轎煤岆祥磁楊腔﹝ 杻梗蛁砩: `轎煤'腔窒爺岆硌祥剒蚚踢懂鳳腕埻宎最宒鎢; 汃票 Linux 奧彶煤蚚岆俇磁楊腔ㄛ撈妏斕蟀肮埻宎最宒珨汃票﹝ 涴岆嫘砱腔芢蹦; 彆斕砑眭耋牉誹ㄛ堐黍 GPL﹝
Linux 褫婓撿 ISA, EISA, PCI 摯 VLB 颯霜齬腔 386/486/Pentium 儂奻硒俴﹝ MCA (IBM 蚳瞳腔颯霜齬)婓 2.0.x 摯載婌腔唳掛奻遜帤俇盓堔ㄛ筍醴楷桯笢腔瞄陑 2.1.x 眒冪樓盓堔賸﹝ 彆斕衄倓ㄛ艘 http://glycerine.itsmm.uni.edu/mca﹝
衄珨跺痄眵善嗣笭 Motorola 680x0 怢(醴婓珨虳 Amigas, Ataris, 摯 VME 儂奻硒俴)腔唳掛ㄛ堍釬腕眈絞謎疑﹝ 坳剒猁撿 MMU 腔 68020, 68030, 68040, 麼岆珨 68060, 奧珩剒猁珨跺 FPU. 厙繚摯 X 弝敦醴飲褫堍釬﹝獗 news:comp.os.linux.m68k﹝
Linux 婓 DEC's Alpha CPU 奻硒俴腕竭疑ㄛ醴盓堔 "Jensen", "NoName", "Cabriolet", "Universal Desktop Box" (眕 Multia 誕眭靡)ㄛ摯勍嗣坳腔怢﹝ 砑賸賤載嗣訧捅ㄛ統獗 http://www.azstarnet.com/~axplinux/FAQ.html﹝
Linux 珩婓 Sun SPARCs 奻硒俴腕竭疑; 勍嗣 sun4c, sun4m 摯 sun4u 儂珋婓硒俴 Linuxㄛ奧 sun4 腔盓堔淏婓楷桯笢﹝ Red Hat Linux 岆(婓掛恅迡釬奀)岆峔珨褫婓 SPARCs 奻硒俴腔 Linux 杶璃; 統獗 http://www.redhat.com/support/docs/rhl-sparc/﹝
Linux 淏掩痄眵善 PowerPC 殤凳奻ㄛ婦嬤 PowerMac (Nubus 摯 PCI), Motorola, IBM 摯 Be 儂﹝ 統獗 http://www.cs.nmt.edu/~linuxppc/ 眕摯 http://www.linuxppc.org/﹝
痄眵善坳腔儂ㄛ婦嬤 MIPS (統獗 http://linus.linux.sgi.com/ 摯 http://lena.fnet.fr/) 摯 ARM, 淏婓數賒笢奧眒衄勍嗣腔輛桯﹝ 梗咡怮詢ㄛ筍彆斕衄倓奧砑鴃珨爺薯ㄛ斕蔚頗楷珋坳腔楷桯氪堋砩迵斕僕肮馱釬﹝
Linux 赻 1994 爛堎坋侐瘍楷桶菴珨唳眕懂眒祥婬峈岆婓 beta 聆彸論僇﹝ 炵苀笢衄渣昫ㄛ奧陔腔渣昫蔚厥哿堤珋ㄛ甜呴翍奀潔腔輛俴奧掩党淏﹝ 秪峈 Linux 郩悜賸``羲溫楷桯耀倰(open development model)''ㄛ垀衄陔腔唳掛飲蔚掩鼠羲楷桶ㄛ祥蹦坳蠅岆瘁掩峈撿衄``莉窐''﹝ 奧ㄛ峈賸堆翑蠅煦望坻蠅岆瘁腕珨恛隅腔唳掛ㄛ狟腔源偶掩粒蚚: 唳掛 n.x.y, 笢 x 岆珨髒杅ㄛ岆恛隅腔唳掛ㄛ奧絞 y 崝樓奀硐衄渣昫党淏頗樓輛﹝ 秪森植 1.2.2 善 1.2.3, 笢硐衄渣昫党淏ㄛ奧羶衄陔腔杻俶﹝ 唳掛 n.x.y, 笢 x 岆杅ㄛ岆跤楷桯氪 beta 俶窐腔楷桶ㄛ褫夔祥恛隅奧褫夔絞裁ㄛ遜衄呴奀褫夔衄陔腔杻俶樓﹝ 呴翍奀潔輛桯ㄛ醴楷桯腔瞄陑紨膝恛隅ㄛ坳蔚掩雲賦峈陔腔``恛隅''瞄陑ㄛ奧楷桯蔚頗婓珨陔唳掛腔瞄陑樟哿狟﹝ 蛁砩湮窒爺楷桶堤懂腔 Linux 瞄陑ㄛ祥蹦岆瘁峈 beta 唳掛ㄛ飲岆眈絞嘐腔(robust); ``恛隅(stable)''婓掛恅笢壺賸``嘐(robust)''眳砩俋ㄛ遜衄``蜊曹腕竭鞣''腔砩佷﹝
醴恛隅腔瞄陑岆 2.0.35 (絞陔腔雄最宒摯渣昫党淏樓奀涴頗樟哿蜊曹)ㄛ奧妗桄腔 2.1.x 瞄陑珩眒冪羲宎楷桯﹝ Linux 瞄陑腔埻宎最宒鎢笢珩婦漪賸珨跺紫偶, Documentation/Changes, 賤庋斕淕議珨瞄陑載陔善鍚珨瞄陑奀茼蛁砩腔蜊曹﹝ 奧ㄛ湮窒爺腔 Linux 妏蚚氪硐岆髒嫌潠等華汔撰坻蠅腔杶璃憩褫眕腕善珨陔唳掛腔瞄陑﹝
湮窒爺腔 Linux 唳掛ㄛ祥蹦岆瘁峈 beta 唳ㄛ飲眈絞腔恛隅ㄛ奧彆坳夔睫磁斕腔剒猁斕褫樟哿妏蚚狟奧祥斛覜善麵徹(? on the bleeding edge)﹝ 衄珨跺桴怢硒俴 0.97p1 (植 1992 爛狦毞)閉徹 136 毞奧羶衄珨欴渣昫麼絞裁﹝(坳遜褫厥哿載壅彆祥岆秪峈翑燴紱釬埜紱釬萇埭囮絞...) 坳遜惆豢徹閉徹珨爛腔羲儂奀潔腔﹝郔輪珨砐惆豢衄珨跺桴怢硒俴 Linux 0.99p15s 閉徹 600 毞腔﹝
衄珨璃硉腕蛁砩腔岈岆 Linux 岆眕羲溫煦汃耀宒楷桯腔ㄛ奧準砉勍嗣坳腔极腔猾敕摩笢耀宒﹝ 涴桶尨醴楷桯腔唳掛軞岆鼠羲腔(郔嗣衄珨陎善謗陎腔晊喧)秪森睡諂褫妏蚚﹝ 涴賦彆岆藩絞珨撿衄陔髡夔腔唳掛楷桶奀ㄛ坳撓綱軞岆婦漪衄渣昫腔ㄛ筍坳珩絳祡珨準都辦厒腔楷桯秪奧渣昫竭辦華掩楷珋党淏ㄛ籵都婓杅苤奀囀ㄛ秪峈勍嗣贗薯党淏坳蠅﹝
眈勤華ㄛ猾敕奧摩笢腔耀宒砩硌硐衄珨跺麼珨芶勦峈森數賒馱釬ㄛ奧坳蠅硐楷桶坻蠅峈堍釬腕竭疑腔极﹝ 籵都涴頗絳祡誕酗腔楷桯笚ㄛ誕酗脹渾腔渣昫党淏ㄛ遜衄誕鞣腔楷桯﹝ 森极郔綴鼠羲楷桶腔唳掛衄奀頗衄載疑腔窐ㄛ筍楷桯腔厒僅珨啜懂佽岆鞣勍嗣腔﹝
壽衾涴謗笱耀宒腔枒蹦ㄛ獗 Eric Raymond 腔 ``諒斻迵庈摩腔楷桯耀宒(The Cathedral and the Bazaar, http://sagan.earthspace.net/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/)'' 珨恅﹝
婓 1998 嬝堎珨瘍峈砦ㄛ醴 Linux 腔恛隅唳掛岆 2.0.35, 奧郔陔楷桯笢腔唳掛岆 2.1.119.